Profile or Biography of President Soekarno the Proclaimer. Probably until now he is the most widely admired person in Indonesia. Many people are looking for a short life journey, profile or biography of Sukarno. Known as the first President of the Republic of Indonesia as well as the originator of Pancasila, he is more familiar in call Bung Karno is from Blitar, he is a hero of the Proclamation along with Mohammad Hatta. President Soekarno was highly respected by the leaders of the countries of the world at that time. Soekarno was born in Surabaya precisely on June 6, 1901 with the original name named Koesno Sosrodihardjo, because often sick that may be caused by his name is not appropriate then he then changed the name to Soekarno.
The life of President Soekarno
His father was named Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo and a mother named Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai. His parents met in Bali when his father became a teacher in Bali and his mother was a nobleman in Bali. Soekarno is known to have a sibling or sister named Sukarmini.
Childhood and Young Sukarno
Regarding the life story of President Soekarno, as a child he did not live with his parents who are in Blitar. He lives with his grandfather named Raden Hardjokromo in Tulung Agung, East Java. Soekarno even went to school there although not to finish along with his parents moved to Mojokerto.In Mojokerto, Soekarno was then schooled at Eerste Inlandse School where his father also worked there as a teacher. However, he was transferred in 1911 to an ELS (Europeesche Lagere School) at the elementary school level to be admitted to HBS (Hogere Burger School) in Surabaya.
After graduating and attending HBS in 1915, Sukarno then lived in Haji Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto or H.O.S Cokroaminoto house, which is a friend of Soekarno's father. Soekarno, Kartosuwiryo and Muso .H.O.S Cokroaminoto is known as the founder of the Islamic Union (SI). It was at Cokroaminoto's house that Soekarno became acquainted with Sarekat Islam (SI) leaders such as Haji Agus Salim and Abdul Muis. Soekarno is also familiar with Muso, Alimin, Darsono and Semaun who later became known as leftist and Kartosuwiryo who later founded Darul Islam and led the rebellion against Sukarno, although in the end Sukarno himself who signed the death sentence execution against Kartosuwiryo who became his friend when he was young .
They together live in H.O.S Cokroaminoto's house to gain knowledge and learn to organize through Sarekat Islam (SI). Here the nationalist spirit of the nation of Indonesia becomes very big. Soekarno also took part in a youth organization in 1918 named Tri Koro Darmo which later changed its name to Jong Java. Sukarno was even active as a writer in a daily newspaper called Oetoesan Indies run by Cokroaminoto. At Cokroaminoto's house, young Soekarno began to study politics and also learn to make speeches even though he tends to do himself in front of a mirror in his room. At his school Hoogere Burger School or HBS, Soekarno got a lot of knowledge
In 1921 after graduating from Hoogere Burger School or HBS, the young Soekarno then moved to Bandung and stayed at Haji Sanusi's house. Soekarno then became familiar with Douwes Dekker, Tjiptomangunkusumo, and Ki Hajar Dewantara.
Soekarno then went to Technische Hoogeschool (THS) majoring in civil engineering. Technische Hoogeschool (THS) will become ITB (Institute Technology Bandung) as it is now. In the same year of 1921, Soekarno married Siti Oetari the eldest son of H.O.S Cokroaminoto. Soekarno quit his lecture after two months of admission in THS but in 1922 he signed up again and then started college and then graduated on May 25, 1926 with the title of Ir (Engineer). Graduated from THS, Soekarno established the Bureau of Engineers in 1926 with Ir. Anwari who worked on design and building design. He also works with Ir. Rooseno designed and built houses. While in Bandung, Soekarno founded Algemeene Studie Club (ASC) which later became the forerunner of the Indonesian National Party which was established on July 4, 1927. Here Sukarno then began to practice the teachings of Marhaenism. The purpose of the formation of the National Party of Indonesia is for the Indonesian nation to be independent and independent of the Dutch colony.
Soekarno Jailed By The Colonial Government
From this Sukarno courage then the Dutch colonial government arrested him in Yogyakarta and put him into Banceuy prison in Bandung. Then in 1930, Sukarno was transferred to the Poor Suka prison.
In this prison the necessities of his life all came from his loyal wife who accompanied him Inggit Ganarsih who married Sukarno in 1923 which previously Sukarno had divorced Siti Oetari well while still in Bandung.
Inggit who is also assisted by Sukarno's sister named Sukarmini often brings food to Soekarno in the prison of Poor Suka, that is what then makes the supervision in prison Suka Miskin increasingly tightened.
According to the biography of President Soekarno from several sources, he was known Dutch as a prisoner who was able to incite others to think for independence so that he then considered quite dangerous.
He was then isolated with his elite prisoners to avoid getting information coming from outside the prison. These elite prisoners are predominantly Dutch citizens who have cases such as embezzlement, corruption and misappropriation.
This is the goal of the Netherlands for the topic of the discussion on how to free Indonesia is not appropriate because the average elite prisoner with Sukarno is Dutch.
The topics he used to hear were not as important as the food in prison and the weather. For months in Poor Suka caused Sukarno to break up communication with his comrades, but it was not difficult for him to get information from outside.
Soekarno finally found a new idea, where he uses eggs as a medium to communicate with his wife. If a friend of Sukarno experiencing disaster or get bad news then the egg brought by his wife is salted eggs, that too he can only guess because he did not know exactly what happened out there. To speak with Inggit, Soekarno was closely monitored and also the luggage carried by the inggit from outside the prison was always thoroughly examined.
Biography of President Soekarno
Then Soekarno and the inggit finally found the way he considered the easiest in communicating to be unknown by the Dutch with the same medium before the Egg where the way used slightly different that is by piercing needles into the egg. If one puncture on the egg is good news, if a double puncture on the egg means a friend of Sukarno is caught but if there are three punctures it means that the captured independence activist is big enough.
During his time in prison, his parents never once visited Sukarno, his reason was that Sukarno's parents could not see Soekarno imprisoned, he was thin and black while in prison because that was what Wardoyo's mother thought so that Soekarno's parents did not want to visit Sukarno. So that his parents do not panic Soekarno often reasoned that he often work under the sun so that his skin blackened besides in prison he wanted to heat his bones because in prison, the room is very dark, damp and also cold because no sunlight.
Soekarno and Defense "Indonesia Sues"
His case was tried by the Dutch through a Landraad court in Bandung, when it had been eight months on December 18, 1930. Soekarno in his defense made a famous title "Indonesia Menggugat". Where he reveals that the Dutch as a greedy nation that has oppressed and deprived the independence of the Indonesian Nation.
From his defense that later made the Dutch increasingly angry that the PNI formed Soekarno dissolved in July 1930. After leaving the prison in December 1931, Sukarno then joined the Partindo in 1932 because he had no party anymore and he was then asked as leader of Partindo but he again captured by the Dutch and then exiled to Flores.
Dumped into Bengkulu and Met with Mohammad Hatta and Fatmawati
In 1938, he was later exiled to Bengkulu, where Soekarno met Mohammad Hatta who would become his comrade companion, who would later proclaim Indonesian independence.
In Bengkulu also Soekarno then acquainted with Fatmawati who later became the wife of Sukarno and first lady. Fatmawati is the daughter of Hassan Din who invites Sukarno to teach at the Muhammadiyah School in Bengkulu.
Soekarno and Jalan Berliku Towards Indonesian Independence
Japan even appointed Soekarno to lead the preparation team for the independence of the Indonesian nation, namely BPUPKI and PPKI after promising to give independence for Indonesia. Sukarno even had time to fly to Japan to meet with Emperor Hirohito.
Soekarno continues to approach and cooperate with Japan with the aim that Indonesia will soon be granted independence. All preparations for Indonesian independence were made by Soekarno as formulated Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as the ideology and state base and the formulation of the text of the proclamation of independence with Mohammad Hatta and Ahmad Soebardjo.
Before announcing the independence of Indonesia in August 1945, Soekarno with Mohammad Hatta along with other Indonesian leaders flew to Dalat, Vietnam to meet the highest leaders of the Japanese empire in Southeast Asia, Marshal Terauchi. Ahead of the proclamation of independence, there is a difference of views between the old and the old.
Occurrence of Rengasdengklok Event
The Old Group wants Indonesian independence to be well prepared and young people want the independence of Indonesia to be proclaimed as soon as possible. This is what then made the younger group to kidnap Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta on 16 August 1945.
Both were then taken to the Rengasdengklok area in order to immediately proclaim Indonesian independence and keep it away from Japanese influence. This kidnapping event came to be known as the Rengasdengklok Event.
Knowing Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta was brought to
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Rengasdengklok makes Ahmad Soebardjo then pick up Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta. Sutan Syahrir, who is known to be at odds with Soekarno, is angry to hear the young people kidnap Sukarno and Hatta and order them to get him back to Jakarta.
Arriving in Jakarta, Soekarno and Muhammad Hatta along with other leaders met with Admiral Maeda at his home on Jl. Imam Bonjol. Admiral Maeda later assured the safety of Sukarno and other leaders and invited Soerkarno and Muhammad to formulate the text of the proclamation of independence. Together with Ahmad Soebardjo, the three of them formulated the text of the proclamation of independence which was then re-typed by Sayuti Melik.
Proclaimed Indonesian Independence and Became the First President of Indonesia
On August 17, 1945, Soekarno and Moh Hatta also proclaimed the independence of Indonesia from Japanese occupation which on that date is also celebrated as the Independence Day of Indonesia where Pancasila was formed by Soekarno as the foundation of the state of Indonesia.
This proclamation of independence then brought Ir. Soekarno together with Mohammad Hatta was appointed as the First President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia in the history of the Indonesian nation.
Beyond his figure as the father of the Indonesian nation, not many know if Soekarno ever married as many as nine times, a remarkable charisma owned by Sukarno through the narrative of those close to him, that is why beautiful women can easily be captivated by him and made his wife. He was attracted to a simple woman and also politely dressed.
His wife Fatmawati once asked President Soekarno about a woman who looked sexy but she replied that women with a polite and simple appearance and also appear as it is more interesting to be liked because the beauty of a woman is seen from its authenticity or simplicity.
Soekarno does not like sexy-looking women like wearing tight short skirts and wearing lipstick like modern people in general, believe or not American artist Marylin Monroe is very fond of the charisma of a President Sukarno.
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